Lubricating oil



Aug. 2, 1932.

' s. H. DIGGS LUBRICAIING 011.

Filed April 23, 1928 Even 2 07".

Patented Aug. 2,

' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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WHITING, INDIANA, L GOBPOBATION OF INZDLLNA LU'BBIGATIHG 0114Application fled April as, 1920. Serial Io. amass.

' as are used in connection with hydrostatic lubricators. .6 It has beenfound that various 011s of similar lubricating properties give drops ofconsiderably varylng sizes under the same conditions. The drop size isapparently dependent upon the origin of the oils and the refiningtreatment to which they have been subjected. This variation of drop sizenecess 1- tates frequent adjustments of the lubrlcator If excessivewaste of theoil is to be avoided and satisfactory lubrication insured.

I have now found that the drop size may be controlled within wide limitsand substantial uniformity may be attained with oils of various origins,by adding thereto relatively small quantities, generally less lead soapssuchas lead oleate and lead soaps of fish oilsyincludin sperm oil.

The invention wifi be illustrated in detail with reference to oilsintended for the lubrication of valves at will be understood that it isnot limited to such oils, since other similarly modified.

Such lubricating oils usually contain a-substantial quantity of a fattyoil such as lard o'ilf Before proceeding with the description of theinvention, it is necessary to describe a suitable method and apparatusfor determining drop size of such oils under conditions approximatingthose under which the oil is used. Such an apparatus is diagrammaticallyillustrated in the accompanying drawlng.

Referring to the drawing,

ture. The burette 14 comprises a valve 16 for the purpose ofcontrollingthe rate of flow from the burette. 17 represents a thermometeqthe bulbof which is immersed in the water in the beaker 10. Suitable means,

than 1%, of

high temperature, but it lubricating oils may be is a beaker forcontaining water in which 9. Nathan lunot shown, are provided formaintaining the beaker 10 at a desired temperature.

In usin the apparatus described, the water 111' the bea or 10 ismaintained at a standard temperature, for example, 180.5 F. i 0.5 andsteam at 205 F. is passed through the acket 15. The valve 16 1sregulated so that a certain number of drops are formed per minute at thedischarge point of the ti 11. The point of the tip 11 is kept free omgrease so that only the internal diameter is effective. From the numberof drops and the amount of oil passing from the burette in a certaintime, the volume of each drop can be readlly calculated. It is foundthat the yolume of the drops increases with the ra idity with which theyare formed. There ore, it is necessary to control carefully the rate atWlllCh the drops are formed,'in order to compare various oils and theeffect'of various additions.

The invention will be described by referring to the improvements ofcertain speclfic lubricating oils, with reference to. a standardlubricating oil of satisfactory properties and dro size. For example, a'satisfactory super eat valve oil suitable for use on locomotives andsteam engines is constituted by adding to Pennsylvania cylinder stockabout 5% of prime lard oil. Lubricatmg oil derived from cylinder stockfrom Mid- Continent crude and containing about 5% of prune lard oil hasequally satisfactory lubricatmg properties but, under the sameconditlons has a drop which is to larger. It is found that the size ofsuch drop may be reduced to, or below that of the standard- .oil, byadding thereto suitable quantities,'genlea oxide preferably 'litharge,at about 300 E. for about one hour. The amount of litharge used ispreferably .within the range of 37% toof the weight ofthe oil. Asuitable specific example for the preparation of the above type of leadsoap is as follows: About 1870 grams of fish oil are heated to about 300F then about 760 grams of Lubricating oil ?g%" g 7drops 1! dr 16 dropspermin. perm n. permin.

Pennsylvania cylinder stock, 5% lard oil 0. 111 0. 113 0. 114 M. 0.cylinder stock, 5% prime lard oil 0.132 0.136 0.142 M. C. cylinderstock, 5% lard oil and lead soap winter bleached fish oil, 0.25% (gm.

per 100 cc.) 0.120 0.123 0.126 M. 0. cylinder stock, 5% lard oil andlead soap winter bleached fish oil 0.50%

(grams per 100 cc.) 0.115 0.117 0.119 M. 0. cylinder stock, 5% lard oiland lead soap 0! dark pressed fish 011 0.25%

(weight per weight) 0. 116 0. 120 0. 125 M. C. cylinder stock, 5% lardoil and lead soap of dark pressed flsh oil 0.50%

(weight per weight) 0. 109 0. 112 0. 116 M. C. cylinder stoazk, la(rdoil and lelag soa'os rmoiO. ms 1' main"? 15L"? 0.105 0.112 0.120

said details exce tin so far as included in the accompanying c aims.

I claim:

1. The method of controlling the drop size of petroleum cylinder stockwhich consists in adding thereto not more than about 1% of oil solublelead soaps.

2. A lubricating oil comprising a hydrocarbon petroleum cylinder stockand not more than 1% of a lead soap.

3. The method of controlling the drop size of petroleum cylinder stockswhich consists in adding thereto not more than 1% of fish oil leadsoaps.

4. The method of controlling the drop size of petroleum lubricating oilswhich consists in adding thereto not more than 0.50% of oil soluble leadsoaps.

5. The method of controlling the drop size of petroleum lubricating oilswhich consists in adding thereto not more than 0.25% of oil soluble leadsoaps.

6. A lubricating oil comprising a petroleum cylinder stock, a fatt oiland not more than 1% of oil soluble lea soap.

7. A lubricating oil comprising a petroleumlubricating oil and not morethan 0.50% of oil soluble lead soap.

8. A. lubricating oil comprising a petroleum lubricating oil and notmore than 0.25% Of oil soluble lead soap.

9. A lubricating oil comprising a petroleum lubricating oil, a fatty oiland not more than 0.50% of an oil soluble lead soap.

10. A lubricating oil comprising a petroleum lubricatin oil,-a fatty oiland not more than 0.25% 0 an oil soluble lead soap.

11. A lubricating oil comprising a hydrocarbon lubricating oil and notmore than about 1% of an oil soluble lead soap.

12. The method of controlling the drop size of hydrocarbon lubricatingoils which consists in adding thereto not more than 1% of fish oil leadsoaps.

13. A lubricating oil comprising a hydrocarbon lubricating oil, a fatty011 and not more than 1% of oil soluble lead soap.

14. The method of controlling the drop size of lubricating oil whichconsists in adding thereto not more than about 1% of oil soluble leadsoaps.

15. The method of controlling the drop size of a lubricating oilcontaining a hydrocarbon lubricant oil and a fatty oil, which consistsin adding to said lubricant oil not more than 1% of lead soap.

16. The method of controlling the drop size of a lubricant oilcontaining a hydrocarbon lubricant oil and lard oil, which consists inadding to said lubricant oil not more than 1% of lead soap.

17. A lubricating oil comprising a hydro carbon lubricating oil, lardoil and not more than 1% of oil soluble lead soap.

18. The method of controlling the drop size of lubricating oil whichconsists in adding thereto not more than about 1% of oil soluble leadoleate.

19. A lubricating oil comprising a. hydrocarbon lubricating oil and notmore than 1% of lead oleate.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 12th day of Aril, 1928.

STERLIN H. DIGGS.

